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长春市国家基本药物短缺情况调查及干预措施探讨
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| 篇名： | 长春市国家基本药物短缺情况调查及干预措施探讨 |
| TITLE： | |
| 摘要： | 目的：为解决长春市国家基本药物短缺问题提供参考。方法：根据前期调研设计问卷，调查长春市22家二级以上医疗卫生机构和50家基层医疗卫生机构国家基本药物的短缺情况，并进行统计分析；运用ABC分析法对中标国家基本药物短缺品规进行重点分析；对中标国家基本药物主要、次要短缺品规进行中标情况查询及短缺原因咨询。结果：共发放调查问卷72份，回收有效问卷72份，有效回收率为100％。调查结果显示，长春市未中标基本药物短缺品种19个、22个品规；中标国家基本药物短缺品种99个、111个品规，其中化学药品和生物制品85种、中成药14种。中标国家基本药物短缺品种化学药品和生物制品类别中以心血管系统用药的品种数最多，中成药类别中以扶正剂、祛瘀剂（内科用药）的品种数最多。ABC分析结果显示，111个中标国家基本药物短缺品规中，主要短缺品规17个、次要短缺品规23个。40个主要、次要短缺品规的主要短缺原因为原材料涨价、生产不足、厂家不生产、进价比中标价高。结论：原料药可获得性差、生产企业积极性低、药价低于合理水平、临床绝对用量小等都会导致国家基本药物短缺。建议通过加大原料药市场监管力度、调动生产企业积极性、完善招标采购制度、实行定点生产、建立储备机制等措施，保证国家基本药物的生产与供应，满足临床用药需求。 |
| ABSTRACT： | OBJECTIVE： To provide reference for solving the shortage of national essential medicines in Changchun. METHODS： According to preliminary work， a questionnaire was conducted to investigate and statistically analyze the shortage situation of essential medicines in 22 higher than secondary and 50 basic medical and health institutions in Changchun； ABC analysis was used to analyze the national essential medicines in shortage； the bid results and shortage causes of the primary and secondary national essential medicines in shortage were inquired. RESULTS： Totally 72 questionnaire were send out， and 72 were recycled with effective recovery of 100％. The investigation results showed there were 19 shortage breeds （22 dosage forms）， which lost the bidding， and 99 breeds （111 dosage forms） of national essential medicines in shortage， which won the bidding， including 85 kinds of chemical medicines and biological products， 14 kinds of Chinese patent medicine in Changchun. Cardiovascular system drugs shows the largest number in the bid chemical medicines and biological products， and the Chinese patent medicine were mainly Fuzheng agent and Quyu agent （internal medicine）. Results of ABC analysis showed， among the 111 bid shortage dosage forms， 17 were primary and 23 were secondary. The main causes for them were price raising in raw materials， lack of production， no producing in manufacturers and purchase price higher than winning bids. CONCLUSIONS： Low accessibility of raw material drugs， low enthusiasm to production， lower drug price than a reasonable level， and small clinical requirements can lead to the shortage of national essential medicines. It is suggested to intensify in supervising the raw materials’ marketing， raising the enthusiasm of manufacturers， perfecting the system of drug bidding， developing fixed-point production and building drug reserve system to guarantee the production and supply of national essential medicines， and satisfy clinical demands. |
| 期刊： | 2016年第27卷第24期 |
| 作者： | 陶娌娜，滕玉双，张四喜，宋燕青，张可佳 |
| AUTHORS： | TAO Li’na，TENG Yushuang，ZHANG Sixi，SONG Yanqing，ZHANG Kejia |
| 关键字： | 长春市；国家基本药物；短缺；调查；干预措施 |
| KEYWORDS： | Changchun area； National essential medicines； Shortage； Investigation； Intervention measure |
| 阅读数： | 312 次 |
| 本月下载数： | 7 次 |
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