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制药企业实施药品患者援助项目的行为意愿及影响因素研究
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| 篇名： | 制药企业实施药品患者援助项目的行为意愿及影响因素研究 |
| TITLE： | Study on Behavior Willingness and Influential Factors of Pharmaceutical Enterprises in Implementing Drug Patient Assistance Program |
| 摘要： | 目的：为提升我国制药企业参与药品患者援助项目意愿度、提高我国患者的用药水平和创新药品的可及性、充分挥发医疗保障体系的补充作用提供借鉴。方法：通过对访谈结果进行扎根理论分析提出制药企业实施药品患者援助项目影响因素的理论框架，通过对我国制药企业内了解或参与患者援助项目的人员进行问卷调查对上述理论框架进行实证研究，采用SmartPLS3.0软件基于偏最小二乘法的结构方程模型进行数据处理，分析不同因素对制药企业参与患者援助项目意愿度的影响并提出相关建议。结果与结论：经济效益、市场竞争、社会效益、政策环境对制药企业实施药品患者援助项目的意愿度有显著影响，其路径系数分别为0.244（P＜0.01）、0.236（P＜0.01）、0.235（P＜0.05）、0.228（P＜0.01），而人力资源效益、合作单位对制药企业实施药品患者援助项目的意愿度无显著影响（P＞0.05）。经济效益符合企业以盈利为目的的本质，影响程度最为密切，因而企业自身对药品的定价策略和政府部门的税收政策至关重要。参与市场竞争亦是企业参与患者援助项目的重要因素，越早实施患者援助，相关药品就越有机会抢占更多市场。社会效益表现为降低患者经济负担、提高生活质量、进而促进社会经济发展，同时为企业树立良好的社会形象，形成口碑效应。政策环境一般包括法律环境和医保政策，法律规定在一定程度上对制药企业的捐赠行为造成限制，但相应的监管措施仍必不可少。医保政策与患者援助项目的设立与调整息息相关，医保准入与患者援助项目的衔接需要进一步完善。因此，从企业角度，建议应当建立药品患者援助项目成本与收益测算体系，拓宽项目的宣传渠道并加大宣传力度；从政府角度，建议应当加大捐赠税收优惠，完善患者援助监管体系，明确患者援助项目药品的医保准入和调整规则，促进制药企业积极参与患者援助项目，以助力提高患者用药水平及药品可及性。 |
| ABSTRACT： | OBJECTIVE：To improve the willin gness of chinese pharmaceutical enterprises to participate in drug patient assistance programs ，improve the level of drug use and access to innovative drugs in China and fully evaporate the supplementary role of the medical security system. METHODS ：Through grounded theoretical analysis of the interview results ，the theoretical framework of the factors affecting the implementation of drug patient assistance programs by pharmaceutical companies was proposed. The above theoretical framework was empirically studied through questionnaire survey on the personnel who understood or participated in drug patient assistance program in Chinese pharmaceutical enterprises. Based on partial least squares structural equation model ，Smart PLS 3.0 software was used for data processing to analyze the influence of different factors on the willingness of pharmaceutical companies to participate in drug patient assistance programs ，and the relevant suggestions were put forward. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS ：Economic benefits ，market competition ，social benefits and policy environment have significants impacts on the willingness of pharmaceutical enterprises to implement drug patient assistance programs. The path coefficients were 0.244 （P＜0.01），0.236 （P＜0.01），0.235 （P＜0.05），0.228 （P＜0.01）. Human resource efficiency and cooperation unit have no significant effects on the willingness of pharmaceutical enterprises to implement drug patient assistance programs（P＞0.05）. Economic benefits are in line with the nature of enterprises ’profit-making and have the most close influence. Therefore，the pricing strategy of drugs and the tax policies of government departments are very important for enterprises. Participation in market competition is also an important factor for enterprises to participate in patient assistance programs. The earlier the implementation of patient assistance ，the more opportunities of relevant drugs will be to seize more markets. The social benefits manifest as reducing the economic burden of patients ，improving the quality of life ，and promoting the social and economic development. At the same time ，enterprises have set up good social image and forms a word-of-mouth effect. The policy environment generally includes the legal environment and medical insurance policies. The legal provisions restrict the donations of pharmaceutical enterprises to a certain extent ，but corresponding regulatory measures are still essential. Medical insurance policies are closely related to the establishment and adjustment of patient assistance programs ，and the connection between medical insurance access and patient assistance programs needs to be further improved. Therefore ，from the perspective of enterprises ，it is recommended to establish a cost and benefit calculation system for drug patient assistance programs ，and broaden the publicity channels and increase the publicity intensity of patient assistance programs. From the perspective of the government ，it is recommended that tax incentives for donations should be increased，the patient assistance supervision system should be improved ，the access and adjustment rules for the drugs of patient assistance programs in medical insurance list should be clarified ，so as to promote pharmaceutical enterprises to actively participate in patient assistance programs and improve the drug use level and drug accessibility of patients. |
| 期刊： | 2020年第31卷第24期 |
| 作者： | 蒋蓉，葛文霞，邵蓉 |
| AUTHORS： | JIANG Rong，GE Wenxia ，SHAO Rong |
| 关键字： | 患者援助项目；制药企业；行为意愿；基于偏最小二乘法的结构方程模型 |
| KEYWORDS： | Patient assistance programs ；Pharmaceutical enterprises ；Behavioral willingness ；PLS-SEM |
| 阅读数： | 189 次 |
| 本月下载数： | 13 次 |
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