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基于2015年版《中国药典》（一部）分析含甘草止咳方剂的用药规律
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| 篇名： | 基于2015年版《中国药典》（一部）分析含甘草止咳方剂的用药规律 |
| TITLE： | Analysis of the Medication Rule of Glycyrrhiza uralensis -containing Antitussive Prescriptions Based on 2015 Edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia （Part Ⅰ） |
| 摘要： | 目的：探索含甘草止咳方剂的组方用药规律，为止咳新药研发提供参考。方法：从2015年版《中国药典》（一部）中收集整理含甘草的止咳方剂，将方名、组成、性味归经和功能主治等信息录入Excel2018软件并建立数据库，统计中药频数；应用SPSSStatistics23.0软件对含甘草止咳方剂中的高频中药（频数≥15）进行聚类分析；采用SPSSModeler18.0软件中的Apriori算法与关联规则对含甘草止咳方剂中高频中药的药物组合进行统计分析（设置支持度≥15％、置信度≥70％、提升度≥1），并总结含甘草止咳新方。取60只小鼠分为模型组（生理盐水）、阳性组（磷酸可待因片，5mg/kg）和新方低、中、高剂量组（1.17、5.83、11.67g/kg，以新方浸膏计），每组12只，每天灌胃给药1次，连续给药7d。末次给药1h后，采用氨水将各组小鼠致咳30s后，记录小鼠的咳嗽潜伏期及2min内咳嗽频数，并计算咳嗽抑制率。结果：共纳入含甘草的止咳方剂73首，涉及中药194种，高频中药11味（甘草、桔梗、苦杏仁、陈皮、麻黄、石膏、黄芩、薄荷、半夏、茯苓和前胡），药味以辛为主，多归肺经；高频中药可聚为5类；二项关联规则7项（如麻黄→苦杏仁、石膏→苦杏仁等），三项关联规则10项（如石膏-苦杏仁→麻黄、陈皮-桔梗→苦杏仁等）；含甘草止咳新方为甘草、桔梗、苦杏仁、麻黄、陈皮、石膏（质量比1∶2∶2∶2∶3∶4）。与模型组比较，阳性组和新方低、中、高剂量组小鼠咳嗽潜伏期均显著延长，2min内咳嗽频数均显著减少（P＜0.01）；与阳性组比较，新方低、中剂量组小鼠咳嗽潜伏期显著缩短，2min内咳嗽频数显著增加（P＜0.05或P＜0.01），但新方高剂量组咳嗽潜伏期、2min内咳嗽频数、咳嗽抑制率差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论：本研究在分析含甘草止咳方剂的用药规律基础上总结的含甘草的止咳新方具有良好的止咳效果，后续可为止咳新药的研发提供参考。 |
| ABSTRACT： | OBJECTIVE：To explore the medication rul e of Glycyrrhiza uralensis -containing antitussive prescriptions （GUAP）， and to provide reference for the research and development of new antitussive drugs. METHODS ：The GUAP were collected from 2015 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia （part Ⅰ）. The information of prescription name ，composition，flavor and meridian tropism，and functional indications were input into Excel 2018 software to establish the database. The frequency of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）was analyzed statistically. Cluster analysis was performed for high frequency TCM （frequency≥15）in GUAP by using SPSS Statistics 23.0 software；Apriori algorithm and association rules of SPSS Modeler 18.0 software were used to analyze the drug combination of high-frequency TCM in GUAP （support degree ≥15％，confidence degree ≥70％，lift degree ≥1）. New GUAP was sorted. Totally 60 mice were divided into model group （normal saline ），positive group （Codeine phosphate tablet ， 5 mg/kg），New prescription low-dose ，medium-dose and high-dose groups （1.17，5.83，11.67 g/kg，by extractum ），with 12 mice in each group. They were given relevant medicine intragastricaaly once a day ，for consecutive 7 d. 1 h after last medication ，cough was induced by ammonia in mice for 30 seconds；the latent period of cough and the frequency of cough within 2 min were recorded，and the cough inhibition rate was calculated. RESULTS ：Totally 73 prescriptions involved 194 kinds of TCM ，with 11 ingredients of high-frequency TCM （G. uralensis ，Platycodon grandiflorus ，Semen Armeniacae ，Citrus reticulate ，Ephedra sinica ， Gypsum fibrosum ，Scutellaria baicalensis ，Mentha haplocalyx ，Pinellia ternate ，Poria cocos ，Peucedanum praeruptorum ），which were mainly pungent and mostly belonged to lung meridian. High-frequency TCM could be grouped into 5 categories. There were 7 two-item association rules （such as E. sinica →Semen Armeniacae ，G. fibrosum →Semen Armeniacae ）and 10 three-item association rules （such as G. fibrosum -Semen Armeniacae →E. sinica ，C. reticulate -P. grandiflorus →Semen Armeniacae ）. New GUAP contained G. uralensis ，P. grandiflorus ，Semen Armeniacae ，E. sinica ，C. reticulate ，G. fibrosum （mass ratio 1 ∶ 2 ∶ 2 ∶ 2 ∶ 3 ∶ 4）. Compared with model group ，the latent period of cough was prolonged and the frequency of cough within 2 min was decreased significantly in positive group and new prescription low-dose ，medium-dose and high-dose groups （P＜0.01）. Compared with positive group ，latent period of cough was shortened significantly in new prescription low-dose and medium-dose groups ，while the frequency of cough within 2 min was increased （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）；but there was no significant difference in latent period of cough， the frequency of cough within 2 min， cough inhibitory rate of new prescription high-dose group （P＞0.05）. CONCLUSIONS：The new antitussive prescription was summarized by analyzing the medication rule of GUAP ，and was verified to have good antitussive effect ，which can provide reference for the development of new antitussive drugs. |
| 期刊： | 2020年第31卷第03期 |
| 作者： | 沈莹，樊建，孟祥才 |
| AUTHORS： | SHEN Ying，FAN Jian，MENG Xiangcai |
| 关键字： | 甘草；止咳；数据挖掘；用药规律；新方剂；小鼠 |
| KEYWORDS： | Glycyrrhiza uralensis ；Antitussive；Data mining ；Medication rule ；New prescription ；Mice |
| 阅读数： | 474 次 |
| 本月下载数： | 8 次 |
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