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分级药学监护的研究与实践进展
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| 篇名： | 分级药学监护的研究与实践进展 |
| TITLE： | Research and practice progress of graded pharmaceutical care |
| 摘要： | 随着人口老龄化，患者用药复杂程度持续增加，对药学监护的需求逐渐多元化，有限的药学资源难以满足临床需求。分级药学监护通过对患者用药风险进行分层，实现药学资源的差异化配置。本文系统梳理分级药学监护的发展历程和实践进展，分析其发展挑战并提出建议。结果显示，分级药学监护历经概念提出、工具研发与模式成型三个阶段，国际上已形成风险评分、筛查工具与优先排序模式等代表性成果；国内虽有地方性规范与专科共识陆续出台，但仍缺少统一标准与实施规范。现有分级依据多停留在“维度与条目”层面，仅少数工具给出可操作的判定阈值与条目权重；效果评价涉及临床价值维度、经济价值维度、人文价值维度和过程与实施质量维度。分级工具的实际执行一致性不佳，提示后续研究重点应转向已有工具的验证、校准与规范化应用。 |
| ABSTRACT： | Population aging and increasingly complex medication regimens have diversified the demand for pharmaceutical care， yet limited pharmaceutical resources cannot fully satisfy such clinical needs. Graded pharmaceutical care responds by stratifying patients according to risk and allocating pharmaceutical resources differentially. This review systematically summarizes the development history and current practice of graded pharmaceutical care， analyzes the development challenges and puts forward relevant suggestions. The results showed that graded pharmaceutical care has evolved through three stages： conceptual groundwork， tool development， and model consolidation. Internationally， a range of instruments has been established， including risk scoring systems， screening tools， and patient prioritization frameworks. In China， although local standards and specialty consensus statements have been issued， unified standards and implementation specifications are still lacking. Current grading criteria largely remain at the level of “dimensions and items”， with only a few tools providing operational thresholds and item weights. Outcome evaluation encompasses four dimensions： clinical value， economic value， humanistic value， and process and implementation quality value. Notably， the real-world consistency of these tools is poor. These findings suggest that the next stage should focus on validating， calibrating， and standardizing the use of existing tools. |
| 期刊： | 2026年第37卷第19期 |
| 作者： | 吴相雷；卜莹；陈小慧；鲍蕾蕾 |
| AUTHORS： | WU Xianglei，BU Ying，CHEN Xiaohui，BAO Leilei |
| 关键字： | 分级药学监护;分级模式;分级依据;评价标准 |
| KEYWORDS： | graded pharmaceutical care;grading model;grading criteria;Evaluation criteria |
| 阅读数： | 3 次 |
| 本月下载数： | 0 次 |
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