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药品集采结余留用政策的法律问题与法规政策优化建议
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| 篇名： | 药品集采结余留用政策的法律问题与法规政策优化建议 |
| TITLE： | Legal issues and policy optimization suggestions for the surplus funds retention and utilization under centralized drug procurement |
| 摘要： | 目的 从法律层面为完善我国药品集采医保资金结余留用政策提供建议。方法梳理我国集采结余留用政策文本与实践案例，将其与相应法律规范进行对照，剖析该政策存在的法律问题，进而提出完善建议。结果与结论集采结余留用政策作为一项激励措施，能够调动医疗机构的积极性，引导其优先使用中选药品，减少患者的就医成本。然而该政策存在缺乏统一的上位法规范、规则复杂、资源不均、资金分配使用规则与法律性质模糊、监督缺位等法律问题，制约了政策效果的充分发挥。建议从完善法律规范体系、规范核算规则、建立公平导向的分配调节机制、明确资金性质与使用细则、构建多元监督与救济渠道等方面优化完善，以保障政策的长效运行。 |
| ABSTRACT： | OBJECTIVE To provide recommendations for improving the policy on retention and utilization of surplus funds from centralized drug procurement with China’s medical insurance system from a legal perspective. METHODS Policy texts and practical cases related to the surplus funds retention and utilization under national centralized procurement were reviewed. Then， these were compared with relevant legal norms， the legal issues in the policy were analyzed， and improvement suggestions were subsequently proposed. RESULTS &CONCLUSIONS The funds retention and utilization policy serves as an incentive measure that can motivate medical institutions and guide them to prioritize the use of selected drugs， thereby reducing patients’ medical costs. However， the policy is confronted with several legal issues， including the lack of unified superior legal norms， complex rules， uneven resource distribution， ambiguous rules and legal nature regarding the allocation and use of funds， and inadequate supervision， which constrain the full realization of the policy’s effects. It is recommended to optimize and improve the policy from aspects such as refining the legal norm system， standardizing accounting rules， establishing an equity-oriented allocation and adjustment mechanism， clarifying the nature of funds and detailed usage guidelines， and constructing multiple supervision and remedy channels， so as to ensure the long-term effective operation of the policy. |
| 期刊： | 2026年第37卷第04期 |
| 作者： | 顾洛宁；李润生 |
| AUTHORS： | GU Luoning，LI Runsheng |
| 关键字： | 药品集采；结余留用；医保基金；法律属性 |
| KEYWORDS： | centralized drug procurement； surplus funds retention and utilization； medical insurance fund； legal nature |
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