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基于Kano模型的社区老年人药学服务需求调查及优化策略
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| 篇名： | 基于Kano模型的社区老年人药学服务需求调查及优化策略 |
| TITLE： | Investigation and optimization strategies for pharmaceutical care needs of the elderly in community based on the Kano model |
| 摘要： | 目的 调查并分析老年人的药学服务需求，为老年人药学服务的改进提供参考。方法基于Kano模型，设计调查问卷，并选择重庆市主城区的1200名社区老年人作为调查对象，分析老年人的药学服务需求属性和需求迫切性，提出老年人药学服务的优化策略。结果共计发放1200份调查问卷，回收有效问卷1062份，有效回收率为88.50%。受访者男女性别较为均衡，年龄以60～69岁（43.41%）为主，文化程度普遍不高。用药教育与用药咨询服务为受访老年人的必备型需求，居家药学服务为期望型需求，药物重整、用药监护、药学科普和药学查房为魅力型需求，互联网药学服务为无差异型需求。各项需求改善的迫切性顺序为用药教育＞用药咨询＞居家药学服务＞药学科普＞药物重整＞用药监护＞药学查房＞互联网药学服务。结论重庆市社区老年人对药学服务整体呈高期待特征。各级医疗机构应全力保障用药教育和用药咨询这2项必备型需求，着力改善居家药学服务这项期望型需求，努力发展药学科普、药物重整、用药监护和药学查房这4项魅力型需求，并积极对互联网药学服务进行适老化改造。 |
| ABSTRACT： | OBJECTIVE To investigate and analyze the pharmaceutical care needs of the elderly， thus providing a reference for improving the pharmaceutical care for the elderly. METHODS Based on the Kano model， a questionnaire was designed， and 1 200 community-dwelling elderly in the main urban area of Chongqing were selected as the survey subjects. The study analyzed the attributes and urgency of their pharmaceutical care needs to put forward optimization strategies. RESULTS A total of 1 200 questionnaires were distributed in the study， and 1 062 valid questionnaires were collected， with an effective response rate of 88.50%. The gender distribution of respondents was relatively balanced， with the majority aged between 60 and 69 （43.41%）， and generally possessing a relatively low level of educational attainment. The results showed that medication education and medication consultation were must-be needs； home-based pharmaceutical care was an expected need； drug reorganization， medication monitoring， pharmaceutical science popularization， and pharmaceutical ward round were attractive needs； internet-based pharmaceutical care was indifferent need. The urgent order of demand was medication education ＞ medication consultation ＞ home-based pharmaceutical care ＞ pharmaceutical science popularization ＞ drug reorganization ＞ medication monitoring ＞ pharmaceutical ward round ＞ internet-based pharmaceutical care. CONCLUSIONS The community elderly in Chongqing have high expectations for pharmaceutical care as a whole. Medical institutions should fully guarantee the two essential needs of medication education and medication consultation， and focus on ensuring the expected needs for home-based pharmaceutical care. Efforts should be made to develop the four attractive needs of pharmaceutical science popularization， drug reorganization， medication monitoring， and pharmaceutical ward round， and actively carry out age-friendly adaptations for internet-based pharmaceutical care. |
| 期刊： | 2025年第36卷第16期 |
| 作者： | 郑先珍；杨腾琪；陈立；王曲月；吴宗辉；游莉 |
| AUTHORS： | ZHENG Xianzhen，YANG Tengqi，CHEN Li，WANG Quyue，WU Zonghui，YOU Li |
| 关键字： | 老年人；药学服务；Kano模型；需求分析；用药教育；用药咨询；居家药学服务；问卷调查 |
| KEYWORDS： | the elderly； pharmaceutical care； Kano model； demand analysis； medication education； medication consultation； |
| 阅读数： | 10 次 |
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