尼可地尔联合不同剂量替罗非班治疗老年急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的临床观察
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篇名: 尼可地尔联合不同剂量替罗非班治疗老年急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的临床观察
TITLE: Clinical observation of nicorandil combined with different doses of tirofiban in the treatment of elderly patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction
摘要: 目的 探讨尼可地尔联合不同剂量替罗非班治疗老年急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死(STEMI)患者的临床效果和安全性。方法回顾性纳入2022年6月1日至2024年6月1日我院收治的162例老年STEMI患者,所有患者均接受经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)和STEMI常规治疗,并应用尼可地尔(每次5mg,tid)和替罗非班。根据替罗非班的使用情况,将患者分为常规剂量组(n=104)和半剂量组(n=58),常规剂量组患者于冠脉内注射10μg/kg,随后以0.1μg/(kg·min)静脉泵注,维持48h;半剂量组患者于冠脉内注射5μg/kg,随后以0.05μg/(kg·min)静脉泵注,维持48h。比较两组患者PCI相关指标(心肌梗死溶栓治疗临床试验3级、梗死相关动脉无复流、PCI术后2h心电图ST段抬高总和回落百分比>50%的患者比例)、治疗前后心功能指标(肌钙蛋白I、N端脑利钠肽前体含量和左室射血分数)、治疗期间出血事件(牙龈出血、鼻出血、黏膜出血、消化道出血)及其他不良事件(全因死亡、非致死性再梗死、低血压、室颤、急性心力衰竭)的发生情况。结果两组患者PCI相关指标,治疗后心功能指标,治疗期间牙龈出血、鼻出血、消化道出血的发生率和出血事件总发生率以及其他不良事件的发生率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),但常规剂量组患者的黏膜出血发生率显著高于半剂量组(P<0.05)。结论尼可地尔联合半剂量替罗非班治疗老年急性STEMI患者的临床效果与尼可地尔联合常规剂量替罗非班方案相当,但前者的黏膜出血风险小于后者,因此有黏膜出血风险的患者更适合用前一个方案。
ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE To explore the clinical effect and safety of nicorandil combined with different doses of tirofiban in the treatment of elderly patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). METHODS A total of 162 elderly patients with STEMI admitted to our hospital from June 1, 2022 to June 1, 2024 were retrospectively enrolled. All patients received percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and conventional treatment of STEMI, and used nicorandil (5 mg each time, tid) and tirofiban. According to the use of tirofiban, the patients were divided into conventional-dose group (n=104) and half-dose group (n=58). Patients in the conventional-dose group received an intracoronary injection of 10 μg/kg tirofiban, followed by intravenous infusion of 0.1 μg/(kg·min) for 48 h; patients in the half-dose group received an intracoronary injection of 5 μg/kg tirofiban, followed by intravenous infusion of 0.05 μg/(kg·min) for 48 h. Related indexes of PCI (the proportion of patients with grade 3 of thrombolysis in myocardial infarction, no reflow in infarct related artery, percentage decrease in total ST-segment elevation >50% on electrocardiogram 2 hours after PCI), cardiac function parameters before and after treatment (troponin I, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide contents and left ventricular ejection fraction), bleeding events during treatment (gingival bleeding, epistaxis, mucosal bleeding, gastrointestinal bleeding) and other adverse events (all-cause death, non-fatal reinfarction, hypotension, ventricular fibrillation, acute heart failure) were compared between 2 groups. RESULTS There were no significant differences in related parameters of PCI, cardiac function parameters after treatment, the incidences of gingival bleeding, epistaxis and gastrointestinal bleeding, the total incidence of bleeding events, or the incidence of other adverse events during treatment between 2 groups (P>0.05), but the incidence of mucosal bleeding in the conventional-dose group was significantly higher than the half-dose group (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The clinical effect of nicorandil combined with half-dose tirofiban in the treatment of elderly patients with acute STEMI is comparable to that of nicorandil combined with conventional dose of tirofiban, but the mucosal bleeding risk of the former is lower than that of the latter. Therefore, patients at risk of mucosal bleeding are more suitable to use the previous regimen.
期刊: 2025年第36卷第07期
作者: 李子进;贺立群;陈昌贵;殷梦
AUTHORS: LI Zijin,HE Liqun,CHEN Changgui,YIN Meng
关键字: 尼可地尔;替罗非班;剂量;急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死;老年患者;出血风险;经皮冠状动脉介入治疗;心功能
KEYWORDS: nicorandil; tirofiban; dose; acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction; elderly patient; bleeding risk;
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