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蒲公英的本草考证
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| 篇名： | 蒲公英的本草考证 |
| TITLE： | Herbal textural of Taraxaci Herba |
| 摘要： | 蒲公英属植物种类多、分布广，其中多种植物的干燥全草均可被用作“蒲公英”药材，基原混淆不清。本研究查阅历代本草、医籍、方书和近现代文献资料后发现，蒲公英最早以“蒲公草”一名出现在晋代《刘涓子鬼遗方》中；根据植物特征、形态色泽、音转，其有“黄花郎“”构耨草“”凫公英“”仆公罂“”黄花地丁”等别名。蒲公英源于菊科植物蒲公英、碱地蒲公英或同属数种植物的干燥全草。与之相似的高脚蒲公英（又名“苦苣菜”），不可替代蒲公英入药。蒲公英因其繁殖快速、生长旺盛的特点，产地分布较为广泛，在我国大部分地区均可见；《本草纲目》所载的“岭南绝无”，经查阅相关著作后发现与实际情况不符。古时医者以蒲公英生长高度作为其质量优劣标准，现以叶多、色灰绿、根长者为佳。古时医者指出，蒲公英多在农历四、五月份采收，现代研究认为应于近花期采挖。蒲公英的加工炮制古时有净制、制炭、蜜制、酒制等多种方法，现代则以净制为主。本文通过系统考证蒲公英的名称、基原、产地、采收及加工炮制，希望可为蒲公英的价值开发及合理利用提供理论支持。 |
| ABSTRACT： | There are many kinds o f Taraxacum plants，which are widely distributed . The dried whole plants of many kinds of plants can be used as medicinal materials ，and the origin is confused . This study finds that Taraxaci Herba first appears as “Pugoncao”in the Liu Juanzi Guiyifang of Jin Dynasty after consulting ancient herbal books ，medical books ，prescription books and modern literature . According to characteristics ，morphology，color and sound of the plant ，it has “Huanghualang”， “Gounoucao”，“Fugongying”，“Pugongying”，“Huanghuadiding”and other aliases . Taraxaci Herba originates from the dried whole plant of Compositae family Taraxacum mongolicum Hand.-Mazz.，T. borealisinense Kitam. or several plants of the same genus . Similar to it ，Sonchus oleraceus Linn.（also known as “Kujucai”）cannot replace Taraxaci Herba as medicine . Because of its characteristics of rapid reproduction and vigorous growth ，Taraxaci Herba is widely distributed in most areas of China .“Absolutely no in Lingnan ”stated in Bencao Gangmu is inconsistent with the actual situation after consulting the relevant works . Ancient physicians take growth height of Taraxaci Herba as their quality standard . Now，those with many leaves ，gray green color and long roots are preferred . Ancient doctors pointed out that Taraxaci Herba were mostly harvested in April and May of the lunar calendar ， and modern research believes that it should be harvested in the near flowering period . In ancient times ，Taraxaci Herba is processed by many methods ，such as purification ，charcoal-frying，honey-frying and wine -frying. In modern times ，purification is the main method. This paper provides theoretical support for the value development and rational utilization of Taraxaci Herba by systematically researching its name ，origin，place of production ，harvesting and processing . |
| 期刊： | 2022年第33卷第20期 |
| 作者： | 秦聪聪，杜沁圆，张义敏，孙美灵，展照双，王加锋 |
| AUTHORS： | QIN Congcong，DU Qinyuan，ZHANG Yimin，SUN Meiling，ZHAN Zhaoshuang，WANG Jiafeng |
| 关键字： | 蒲公英；本草考证；基原；产地；采收；炮制 |
| KEYWORDS： | Taraxaci Herba ；herbal textural ；origin；place of production ；harvesting；processing |
| 阅读数： | 317 次 |
| 本月下载数： | 5 次 |
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