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基于政策工具的我国儿童用药政策分析
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| 篇名： | 基于政策工具的我国儿童用药政策分析 |
| TITLE： | CHINA PH ARMACY Volume 33，Number 14，July 30，2022 Semimonthly Table of Contents Analysis of pediatric drug policies in China on the basis of policy tools |
| 摘要： | 目的 为我国儿童用药领域相关政策的调整和优化提供依据。方法以“儿童“”儿科“”药品”为关键词检索国务院、国家卫生健康委员会、国家医疗保障局、国家市场监督管理总局等相关部委官方网站，收集2010年1月1日－2021年12月31日我国国家层面出台的儿童用药相关政策。采用内容分析法对纳入研究政策文件中所运用的政策工具进行归纳、编码和统计分析。结果本研究共纳入39份政策文件，共编码327条政策工具。经统计，2011－2021年，我国每年都有关于儿童用药的国家层面的政策文件发布，且近年来的发文较为密集。我国儿童用药政策发文主体主要是国家卫生部门和药品监管部门（71.79％，28/39），且相关部委单独发文的文件数量（76.92％，30/39）明显多于多部委联合发文的文件数量（23.08％，9/39）。环境型政策工具使用最多（64.83％，212/327），其次为供给型政策工具（30.28％，99/327），需求型政策工具运用最少（4.89％，16/327）。结论我国的儿童用药事业发展正处于起步阶段。建议我国可优化供给型政策工具，增加资金投入和公共卫生服务工具的运用；调整环境型政策工具，加快儿童用药立法，增加激励型政策工具占比；重视需求型政策工具，加强儿童用药领域国际交流和服务外包的运用；并统筹规划各项政策工具的使用，协调3种政策工具及其次级政策工具的使用比例，从而增强政策工具的能动性，形成政策合力，共同促进儿童用药事业的发展。 |
| ABSTRACT： | OBJECTIVE To provide refere nce for the optimization and adjustment of the relevant policies in the field of pediatric drug in China. METHODS“Children”“pediatrics”and“drugs”were taken as the keywords to search the official websites of the State Council ，the National Health Commission ，the National Healthcare Security Administration ，the State Administration of Market Regulation and other relevant ministries and commissions ，and collect the relevant pediatric drug policies issued at the national level from January 1，2010 to December 31，2021. Content analysis method was used to summarize ，code and statistically analyze the policy tools used in the policy research documents. RESULTS A total of 39 policy documents and 327 policy tools were included in this study. According to statistics ，from 2011 to 2021，China issued national policy documents on pediatric drug use every year ，and in recent years ，the issuance of documents was relatively intensive. The main body of issuing pediatric drugs policy was the national health department and drug supervision and administration department （71.79％，28/39），and the number of documents issued by relevant ministries and commissions alone （76.92％，30/39）was significantly more than the number of documents jointly issued by multiple ministries and commissions （23.08％，9/39）. The environmental policy tools were the most widely used （64.83％，212/327），followed by s upply-oriented policy tools （30.28％，99/327），and demand-oriented policy tools were the least used （4.89％，16/327）. CONCLUSIONS The development of pediatric drug use in China is in its infancy. It is suggested that China should optimize supply-oriented policy tools，increase capital investment and the use of public health service tools ；adjust environmental policy tools ，accelerate the legislation of pediatric drugs ，and increase the proportion of incentive policy tool ；attach importance to demand-oriented policy tools ，strengthen international exchanges and the application of service outsourcing in the field of pediatric medication ；plan the use of various policy tools as a whole ，and coordinate the use proportion of three types of policy tool and their sub policy tools，so as to enhance the initiative of policy tools ，form policy synergy ，and jointly promote the development of pediatric drug use. |
| 期刊： | 2022年第33卷第14期 |
| 作者： | 荣红国，李琪，董玥，夏如玉，费宇彤 |
| AUTHORS： | RONG Hongguo ，LI Qi，DONG Yue，XIA Ruyu，FEI Yutong |
| 关键字： | 儿童用药；政策工具；政策分析；内容分析法 |
| KEYWORDS： | pediatric drug ；policy tool ；policy analysis ；content analysis method |
| 阅读数： | 270 次 |
| 本月下载数： | 12 次 |
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