国家药品集中采购政策的主要利益相关者分析-中国药房

国家药品集中采购政策的主要利益相关者分析

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篇名：	国家药品集中采购政策的主要利益相关者分析
TITLE：
摘要：	目的：为更好地执行国家药品集中采购政策（后文简称“国家集采政策”）提供参考。方法：基于利益相关者理论，并结合文献研究、访谈调研等方法，对国家集采政策涉及的主要利益相关者——政府部门、医药企业、医疗机构和患者的角色定位、利益诉求、相互关系等方面进行分析。结果与结论：政府部门包括医保部门、卫生健康部门、药品监管部门和其他部门，其策划、主导了国家集采政策；其主要利益诉求是确保政策有序执行、中选品种在临床上的合理使用和供应保障等。医药企业包括药品生产企业和药品流通企业，其直接参与了国家集采政策；药品生产企业的主要利益诉求是保证合理的利润以支持其产品研发、促进企业转型等，药品流通企业的主要利益诉求是希望获得品种配送权以提高企业的市场份额、扩大营销的广度和深度、获得经营利润等。医疗机构作为医疗服务和药品的主要提供方，负责执行国家集采政策中选结果；其主要利益诉求是提高自身的知名度和美誉度。患者是医疗服务和药品的需求方，也是国家集采政策改革的主要受益者；其主要利益诉求是降低用药负担，同时能够保证所用药品是安全、有效的。为了国家集采政策更好地推进，建议发挥政府的主导作用，协同其他政策，推进“三医联动”改革；优化药品采购机制，引导市场价格的合理形成；鼓励企业持续提升通过仿制药一致性评价品种的质量，并强化质量监管。
ABSTRACT：	OBJECTIVE：To provide reference for the better implementation of National Drug Centralized Procurement Policy （hereinafter referred to as the“National Centralized Procurement Policy”）. METHODS：Based on the stakeholder theory， combining with literature research and interview research methods，the role orientation，interest demands and mutual relations of the main stakeholders involved in National Centralized Procurement Policy，such as government departments，pharmaceutical enterprises，medical institutions and patients were analyzed. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS：Government departments include medical insurance department，health department，drug supervision department and other departments，which plan and lead the National Centralized Procurement Policy；their main interest demand is to ensure the orderly implementation of the policy，the rational use and supply guarantee of the selected varieties in clinic，etc. Pharmaceutical enterprises include pharmaceutical production enterprises and pharmaceutical circulation enterprises，which directly participate in the National Centralized Procurement Policy； the main interest demand of drug production enterprises is to ensure reasonable profits to support their product R&D and promote enterprise transformation；that of pharmaceutical circulation enterprises is to obtain the variety distribution right， so as to improve the market share of enterprises，expand the breadth and depth of marketing，and obtain operating profits，etc. As the main provider of medical services and drugs， medical institutions are responsible for implementing the selected category results of the National Centralized Procurement Policy；their main interest demand is to improve its own popularity and reputation. Patients are not only the demanders of medical services and drugs，but also the main beneficiaries of the reform of National Centralized Procurement Policy；their main interest demand is to reduce the drug burden and ensure that the drugs used are safe and effective. In order to better promote the National Centralized Procurement Policy，it is suggested to give play to the leading role of the government and promote the reform of“tripartite system reform”in coordination with other policies；optimize the drug procurement mechanism and guide the reasonable formation of market price；encourage enterprises to continuously improve the quality of varieties through generic drug consistency evaluation，and strengthen quality supervision.
期刊：	2021年第32卷第21期
作者：	谢金平，张雪瑞，张赫，杨伊凡，邵蓉
AUTHORS：	XIE Jinping，ZHANG Xuerui，ZHANG He，YANG Yifan，SHAO Rong
关键字：	国家药品集中采购政策；利益相关者；政府部门；医药企业；医疗机构；患者
KEYWORDS：	National Drug Centralized Procurement Policy；Stakeholders；Government department；Pharmaceutical enterprise；
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