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基于专利分析法和SWOT模型的我国治疗胃癌中药发明专利分析
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| 篇名： | 基于专利分析法和SWOT模型的我国治疗胃癌中药发明专利分析 |
| TITLE： | Patent Analysis of TCM for Treating Gastric Cancer in China Based on Patent Analysis and SWOT Model |
| 摘要： | 目的：为我国治疗胃癌中药的专利研发和布局提供参考。方法：检索国家知识产权局和欧洲专利局专利数据库收录的治疗胃癌中药发明专利，检索时间为建库起至2019年12月31日；初检后，结合“胃脘痛“”伏梁“”积聚“”Cancerofstomach“”Gastric”等关键词及其同义词进行二次检索，并对每篇文献进行逐一阅读和人工筛选。采用Excel2007软件录入纳入专利的基本信息，分别采用SPSSmodeler15.0和SPSS22.0软件对使用频次30次以上和使用频次前30位的中药进行关联规则分析和系统聚类分析。在专利分析的基础上，分析治疗胃癌中药发展的内部优势（S）、劣势（W）、外部机会（O）和威胁（T），据此制定4种不同类型组合的策略。结果与结论：最终获得符合标准的发明专利385件，其中国内专利379件（占98.44％）、国外专利6件（占1.56％）。1994－2016年，国内治疗胃癌的中药专利申请量和申请人数总体呈上升趋势。治疗胃癌中药发明专利常用中药主要为补虚药和清热药，多入胃、脾经。常用的中药材组合包括补脾益气组合、抗癌解毒组合和燥湿化痰组合等。聚类分析结果表明，茯苓、白术、黄芪、半枝莲、白花蛇舌草、甘草聚为一类，是治疗胃癌的常用组合；其余聚类分布也符合中医辨证论治的特点。国内胃癌中药发明专利的优势为国内专利数量处于世界领先地位，重点申请人的专利体系较成熟，复方专利配伍体现了辨病辩证相结合的特色；劣势为专利授权率低，中药专利的有效性和安全性研究有待提高，中药提取物专利发展较为薄弱，专利国际化程度低，缺乏同族专利；机遇为胃癌治疗药物需求量与日俱增，国家积极支持中医药产业发展；威胁为国际市场的竞争对手具备抢占市场的潜力。我国胃癌相关中药专利的发展应以市场需求和国内政策支持为契机，借鉴重点专利权人的中药专利特色体系，继续发挥中医药治未病和辨证论治的优势，加大对中药提取物、有效性及安全性等薄弱环节的开发和研究，提高专利的国际竞争力，建立专利预警和导航分析体制，有效降低我国发明专利在国际环境中存在的知识产权威胁和风险。 |
| ABSTRACT： | OBJECTIVE：To provide reference for the R&D of TCM patents for treating gastric cancer and layout. METHODS：TCM patents for treating gastric cancer collected by the State Intellectual Property Office and the European Patent Office Espacenet were retrieved from the inception to Dec. 31st， 2019. After the initial examination ，a second search was conducted based on the keywords such as “Stomachache”“Fuliang” “Accumulation”“Cancer of stomach ”“Gastric”and their synonyms. Each literature was read one by one and screened manually. Excel 2007 software was used to input general information of included patents. SPSS modeler 15.0 software and SPSS 22.0 software were used for association rule analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis of TCM used more than 30 times and top 30 frequently used. Based on patent analysis ，internal strength （S），weakness（W），external opportunity （O）and threat （T）of TCM for treating gastric cancer were analyzed ；based on this ，four different types of combination strategies were formulated. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS ：Finally，385 patents were obtained ，including 379 domestic patents （98.44％） and 6 foreign patents （1.56％）. The number of patent applications and applicants of TCM for treating gastric cancer in China was on the rise during 1994-2016. The commonly used TCM for treating gastric cancer were mainly tonifying deficiency drugs and heat clearing drugs ， and the meridian tropism were mostly the stomach meridian and spleen meridian. According to the efficacy ，the commonly used drug combinations include the combination of tonifying spleen and Qi ，the combination of anti-cancer and detoxification ，and the combination of drying dampness and resolving phlegm. The results of hierarchical cluster analysis showed that Poria cocos ， Atractylodes macrocephala ，Astragalus membranaceus ，Scutellaria barbata ，Hedyotis diffusa and Glycyrrhiza uralensis were clustered into one category and the common combination for treating gastric cancer. The remaining cluster distributions are also in line with the characteristics of TCM syndrome differentiation and treatment. Strength of domestic TCM patents for treating gastric cancer were that the number of patents in China was taking a leading position in the world ，the patent system of key applicants was mature，the combination of compound patents embodied the characteristics of disease and dialectical theory. Weakness included low patent authorization rate ，to-be-improved effectiveness and safety studies of TCM patents ，weak development of TCM extract patents，low degree of patent internationalization and hanging same-family patents. Opportunities were that the demand for drugs for gastric cancer was increasing with each passing day ，and natione actively support the development of the TCM industry. Threats were that competitors in the international market had the potential to seize the market. The development of TCM for treating gastric cancer in China should take market demand and national policy support as an opportunity ，learn from TCM patent characteristic system of key applicants ，continue to give full play to the advantages of TCM in prevention and syndrome differentiation of disease，pay more efforts to the development of weak links such as TCM extracts ，safety and effectiveness ，improve the international competitiveness in the field of patents ，while establish a warning and navigation analysis system for patents to effectively reduce the intellectual property threats and risks of invention patents of China in the international environment. |
| 期刊： | 2020年第31卷第18期 |
| 作者： | 魏裕涛，梁凯桐，刘敏，高琪佩，张晓，魏航，陈延，刘子志 |
| AUTHORS： | WEI Yutao，LIANG Kaitong ，LIU Min，GAO Qipei，ZHANG Xiao，WEI Hang，CHEN Yan，LIU Zizhi |
| 关键字： | 胃癌；中药；发明专利；数据挖掘；专利分析法；SWOT模型 |
| KEYWORDS： | Gastric cancer ；TCM；Invention patents；Data mining ；Patent analysis ；SWOT model |
| 阅读数： | 440 次 |
| 本月下载数： | 16 次 |
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