我院奥氮平致中枢神经系统不良反应30例分析
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篇名: 我院奥氮平致中枢神经系统不良反应30例分析
TITLE:
摘要: 目的:了解奥氮平致中枢神经系统药品不良反应(ADR)的特点,为临床安全、合理用药提供参考。方法:收集我院2004-2015年上报国家ADR监测中心的30例奥氮平致中枢神经系统ADR报告,对患者的一般情况、药物治疗情况、ADR情况、治疗措施及转归等进行统计分析。结果:30例奥氮平致中枢神经系统ADR报告中,女性患者多于男性(22/8);患者年龄主要集中在21~40岁(10例,33.3%)。原患疾病以精神分裂症为主(18例,60.0%)。发生ADR时,奥氮平的平均剂量为(18.0±7.0)mg/d;在日剂量20 mg时发生ADR的例数最多(8例,26.7%)。主要的ADR为锥体外系反应(22例,73.3%)。患者出现ADR后,大部分采取减量或停用奥氮平、换用其他抗精神病药,并积极作对症、支持治疗等处理,患者症状均缓解或恢复正常。结论:奥氮平所致中枢神经系统ADR中,锥体外系反应占比较大;在日剂量较小时仍有发生ADR的可能。女性更容易出现中枢神经系统ADR;在治疗1月内,应密切监测ADR情况。临床应用奥氮平时,应严格掌握适应证,并注意观察ADR,保障患者用药安全。
ABSTRACT: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the characteristics of central nervous system(CNS) ADR caused by olanzapine, and to provide reference for safe and rational drug use in clinic. METHODS: Thirty cases of CNS ADR caused by olanzapine reported by our hospital to national ADR monitoring center were collected during 2004-2015. General information of patients, drug therapy, ADR, treatment measures and outcomes were analyzed statistically. RESULTS: Among 30 cases of CNS ADR caused by olanzapine, the female was more than male (22/8); the age of patients mainly ranged 21-40 years old (10 cases, 33.3%). The original disease was given priority to schizophrenia (18 cases, 60.0%). When ADR occurred, average dose of olanzapine was (18.0±7.0) mg/d. The daily dose of 20 mg accounted for the most of ADR (8 cases, 26.7%). Main ADR was extrapyramidal syndrome (22 cases, 73.3%).  When mostly reduced the drug dose, stopped olanzapine, switched to other antipsychotics, and actively adopted symptomatic support treatment, the symptoms were relieved or returned to normal. CONCLUSIONS: The extrapyramidal syndrome take up the majority of CNS ADR caused by olanzapine. ADR is also likely to happen even if the daily dose is small. CNS ADR are more likely to happen in women. At the beginning of the treatment within a month, close attention should be paid to ADR. It is suggested to grasp the indications strictly and observe ADR so as to ensure the safety of drug use.
期刊: 2017年第28卷第20期
作者: 庄红艳,刘珊珊,果伟,马辛,郝红兵,王秋艳
AUTHORS: ZHUANG Hongyan,LIU Shanshan,GUO Wei,MA Xin,HAO Hongbing,WANG Qiuyan
关键字: 奥氮平;中枢神经系统;不良反应;合理用药
KEYWORDS: Olanzapine; Central nervous system; ADR; Rational use of drugs
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